Combating Economic and Financial Crime : Issues and Prospects

  • Par la rédaction du site CRGN
  • Publié le 09 janvier 2026, mis à jour le 09 janvier 2026

Research Note Issue 118

By Squadron Leader Florian Ballier 

"Financial crimes, complex and transnational, don’t just threaten the economy—they also make people lose trust in the system and impact financial stability. In 2012, these crimes cost France an estimated €20 billion1. This growing and constantly evolving threat has led France to strengthen its law enforcement arsenal, providing its investigative services with the necessary resources and skills. However, experts such as economist Jean-François Gayraud argue that capitalism has created an environment conducive to large-scale fraud. Money made from illegal activities, such as drug trafficking, infiltrates and corrupts the legitimate economy, blurring the lines between white-collar and organized crime. In other words, these two forms of crime, which were once perceived as distinct, are more connected than ever. (...)"

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